GATE Syllabus For Microbiology ( XL–K)

GATE Syllabus For Microbiology ( XL–K): The upcoming Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering turned to head towards the syllabus and why this is the primary concern for students preparing for the examination for so many months. This exam considered the best career option for so many undergraduate subjects such as Architecture, Engineering, and Technology and on the post-graduate level subjects in Science. GATE Syllabus For Microbiology ( XL – K) provided here, get a quick glimpse of it!

Section 1: Historical Perspective:

Landmark discoveries relevant to the field of microbiology; Discovery of microbial world; Controversy over a spontaneous generation; Role of microorganisms in transformation of organic matter and in the causation of diseases.

Section 2: Methods in Microbiology:

Pure culture techniques; Principles of microbial nutrition; phase contrast- and electron-microscopy; Enrichment culture techniques for isolation of microorganisms; Theory and practice of sterilization; Light-,

Section 3: Microbial Taxonomy and Diversity:

Eukaryotic microbes: Yeasts, molds and protozoa; Viruses and their classification; Molecular approaches to microbial taxonomy; Bacteria, Archaea and their broad classification

Section 4: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: Structure and Function:

Prokaryotic Cells: cell walls, cell membranes, mechanisms of solute transport across membranes, Flagella and Pili, Capsules, Cell inclusions like endospores and gas vesicles; Eukaryotic cell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Section 5: Microbial Growth:

Growth curve; Synchronous growth; Mathematical expression of exponential growth phase; Definition of growth; Measurement of growth and growth yields; Continuous culture; Effect of environmental factors on growth.

Section 6: Control of Micro-organisms:

Evaluation of the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents; Effect of physical and chemical agents

Section 7: Microbial Metabolism:

Energetics: redox reactions and electron carriers; Glycolysis; Pentose-phosphate pathway; Entner-Doudoroff pathway; An overview of metabolism; Glyoxalate pathway; The citric acid cycle; Chemolithotrophy; Calvin cycle; Common regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of amino acids; Biosynthetic pathway for fatty acids synthesis; Regulation of major metabolic pathways; Photosynthesis; Fermentation; Aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Section 8: Microbial Diseases and Host-pathogen interaction:

Normal microbiota; Reservoirs of infection; Nosocomial infection; Classification of infectious diseases; Human diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and pathogenic fungi Emerging infectious diseases; Mechanism Nonspecific defense of host; Immune deficiency; Antigens and antibodies; of microbial pathogenicity; Humoral and cell mediated immunity; Vaccines.

Section 9: Chemotherapy/Antibiotics:

Antibiotics: Classification, mode of action and resistance; antiviral and Antifungal;  General characteristics of antimicrobial drugs;

Section 10: Microbial Genetics:

Types of mutation; Selection of mutants; Ames test for mutagenesis; UV and chemical mutagens; Bacterial genetic system: transformation, conjugation, transduction, Retroviruses; Basic concept of microbial genomics, recombination, plasmids, transposons; Regulation of gene expression: repression and induction; Operon model; DNA repair; Bacterial genome with special reference to E.coli; Phage λ and its life cycle; RNA phages; RNA viruses.

Section 11: Microbial Ecology:

Microbial interactions; Soil microorganisms associated with vascular plants, Carbon, sulfur and nitrogen cycles.